The Gascoyne-Murchison region has an arid climate, low rainfall and covers 25.5% (570,000 sq km) of Rangelands total area. The region has around 600km of coastline and a population of approximately 20,000 people.

Significant threats to biodiversity in the Gascoyne-Murchison include feral animals, exotic weeds, overgrazing of native vegetation, and soil erosion. Soil and vegetation loss has led to a significant decline in biodiversity values. Nearly 50 percent of ground dwelling mammal fauna are now extinct.

There have been substantial efforts within the Gascoyne-Murchison to manage natural resources through the Gascoyne-Murchison Strategy and programs under the National Heritage Trust (NHT) and National Landcare Program (NLP).